The Newest Processor : Intel Core i7


Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC; SEHK: 4335; Euronext: INCO) is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most personal computers. The company is the world's largest semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. Intel was founded on July 18, 1968, as Integrated Electronics Corporation (though a common misconception is that "Intel" is from the word intelligence) and is based in Santa Clara, California, USA. Intel also makes motherboard chipsets, network interface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphic chips, embedded processors, and other devices related to communications and computing. Founded by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore, and widely associated with the executive leadership and vision of Andrew Grove, Intel combines advanced chip design capability with a leading-edge manufacturing capability. Originally known primarily to engineers and technologists, Intel's "Intel Inside" advertising campaign of the 1990s made it and its Pentium processor household names.

Intel was an early developer of SRAM and DRAM memory chips, and this represented the majority of its business until the early 1980s. While Intel created the first commercial microprocessor chip in 1971, it was not until the success of the personal computer (PC) that this became their primary business. During the 1990s, Intel invested heavily in new microprocessor designs fostering the rapid growth of the PC industry. During this period Intel became the dominant supplier of microprocessors for PCs, and was known for aggressive and sometimes controversial tactics in defense of its market position, particularly against AMD, as well as a struggle with Microsoft for control over the direction of the PC industry. The 2009 rankings of the world's 100 most powerful brands published by Millward Brown Optimor showed the company's brand value rising 4 places – from number 27 to number 23.

Processor Intel Core i7

Intel Core i7 is Intel's brand name for several families of desktop and laptop 64-bit x86-64 processors using the Intel Nehalem microarchitecture.

It is a successor to the Intel Core 2 brand. The Core i7 identifier was first applied to the initial family of processors codenamed Bloomfield introduced in 2008. In 2009 the name was applied to Lynnfield and Clarksfield models. Prior to 2010, all models were quad-core processors. In 2010, the name was applied to dual-core Arrandale models, and the Gulftown Core i7-980X Extreme processor which has six hyperthreaded cores.

Intel representatives state that the moniker Core i7 is meant to help consumers decide which processor to purchase as the newer Nehalem-based products are released in the future.[8] The name continues the use of the Intel Core brand. Core i7, first assembled in Costa Rica, was officially launched on November 17, 2008[11] and is manufactured in Arizona, New Mexico and Oregon, though the Oregon (PTD, Fab D1D) plant has already moved to the next generation 32 nm process.

Processor Cores

The initial Core i7 processors released were codenamed Bloomfield, branded as Core i7-9xx along with their Xeon 3500-series counterparts. As of 2009, they are Intel's high-end Desktop processors, sharing the Socket 1366 platform with the single and dual-processor server processors.

Lynnfield is the second processor sold under the Core i7 brand, while at the same time being sold as Core i5. Unlike Bloomfield, it does not have a QPI interface but directly connects to a southbridge using a 2.5 GT/s Direct Media Interface and to other devices using PCI Express links in its Socket 1156. Core i7 processors based on Lynnfield have Hyper-Threading, which is disabled in Lynnfield-based Core i5 processors.

Clarksfield is the mobile version of Lynnfield and available under the Core i7 Mobile brand, as part of the Calpella platform. It was released at the Intel Developer Forum on September 23, 2009.

The second mobile Core i7 processor family will be Arrandale, sold as the Core i7-6xx processors and featuring an integrated graphics processing unit but only two processor cores, half of Clarksfield. Clarkdale, the desktop version of Arrandale, will not be sold as Core i7, but only as Core i3 and Core i5. All support Intels Hyper Threading (HT).

Gulftown is the Extreme Edition version of the Core i7, featuring 6 cores, 32nm process, Hyper-Threading (for a total of 12 logical threads), 12 MB of cache, Turbo Boost and Intel QuickPath connection bus

ref : wikipedia
Intel Core i7 is Intel's brand name for several families of desktop and laptop 64-bit x86-64 processors using the Intel Nehalem microarchitecture.

It is a successor to the Intel Core 2 brand. The Core i7 identifier was first applied to the initial family of processors codenamed Bloomfield introduced in 2008. In 2009 the name was applied to Lynnfield and Clarksfield models. Prior to 2010, all models were quad-core processors. In 2010, the name was applied to dual-core Arrandale models, and the Gulftown Core i7-980X Extreme processor which has six hyperthreaded cores.

Intel representatives state that the moniker Core i7 is meant to help consumers decide which processor to purchase as the newer Nehalem-based products are released in the future.[8] The name continues the use of the Intel Core brand. Core i7, first assembled in Costa Rica, was officially launched on November 17, 2008[11] and is manufactured in Arizona, New Mexico and Oregon, though the Oregon (PTD, Fab D1D) plant has already moved to the next generation 32 nm process.

Price of Lenovo Ideapad G450


If you want to buy Lenovo Laptop, you can read this specification. This Lenovo laptop G450 is available in 5 price ranges with different specification. This Lenovo Laptop G450 starts it’s price from Rs-26000 to 32500. All the 5 G450 model comes with FREE DOS operating system. The big difference on price between these model is mainly for the processor, RAM Capacity and the Hard Drive capacity. The common hardware among these models are, RAM which is DDR3 (You can expand it at any time), Display which is 14inch, DVD RW Drive, Camera and 6cell battery. Compare the specification of each Lenovo Ideapad G450 model laptops and make the buying decision.

trans Lenovo Ideapad G450 ( 14 Screen )
Laptop Part Number:29492HQ – Price: Rs- 26250
Specification:

* Intel® Pentium® Processor, T4300, 2.2GHz /800MHz / 1MB L2 Cache
* 1 GB DDR3 RAM
* 250GB Hard Disk Drive
* DVD RW
* Intel X4500
* Broadcom WiFi-bg
* No Blue Tooth
* Camera
* No Card reader
* 6 cell battery
* Glossy Finish
* One Key Rescue System
* 14.0 inch WXGA LED Backlit Display
* GL40 chip set
* Operating system -Free-DOS

trans Lenovo Ideapad G450 ( 14 Screen )
Laptop Part Number:29499DQ – Price: Rs- 26000
Specification:

* Intel® Pentium® Processor, T4200, 2.0GHz /800MHz / 1MB L2 Cache
* 1 GB DDR3 RAM
* 250GB Hard Disk Drive
* DVD RW
* Intel X4500
* Broadcom WiFi bg
* No Blue Tooth
* Camera
* No Card Reader
* 6 cell battery
* Glossy Finish
* One Key Rescue System
* 14.0″ WXGA LED Backlit Display
* GL40 Chip set
* Operating System Free-DOS

trans Lenovo Ideapad G450 ( 14 Screen )
Laptop Part Number:29492KQ – Price: Rs- 28500
Specification:

* Intel® Pentium® Processor, T4200, 2.0GHz /800MHz / 1MB L2 Cache
* 2 GB DDR3 RAM
* 250GB Hard Disk Drive
* DVD RW
* Intel X4500
* Broadcom WiFi bg
* Blue Tooth – Yes
* Camera
* 5-in-1 Card reader
* 6 cell battery
* One Key Rescue System
* 14.0″ WXGA LED Backlit Display
* GL40 Chip set
* Free-DOS
* Glossy Finish

trans Lenovo Ideapad G450 ( 14 Screen )
Laptop Part Number:294955Q – Price: Rs- 32500
Specification:

* Intel® Core™2 Duo Processor, T6500,2.1GHz /800MHz /2MB L2 Cache
* 2 GB DDR 3 RAM
* 320GB Hard Disk Drive
* DVD RW
* Intel X4500
* WiFi- Intel 5100 agn
* Blue Tooth
* Camera
* 5-in-1 Card reader
* 6 cell battery
* IMR
* One Key Rescue System
* HDMI
* 14.0″ WXGA LED Backlit Display
* Glossy
* GM45 Chip set
* Free Dos — Operating System

trans Lenovo Ideapad G450 ( 14 Screen )
Laptop Part Number:29499JQ – Price: Rs- 33000
Specification:

* Intel® Core™2 Duo Processor, T6600,2.2GHz /800MHz /2MB L2 Cache
* 2 GB DDR 3 RAM
* 320GB hard disk drive
* DVD RW
* Intel X4500
* WiFi Intel 5100 agn
* Blue tooth
* Camera
* 5-in-1 Card reader
* 6 cell battery
* IMR
* One Key Rescue System
* HDMI
* 14.0″ WXGA LED Backlit Display
* Glossy Finish
* GM45 Chip set
* Free Dos – Operating System

source : http://www.laptoppricelist.in

Dell Vostro Laptop Specification


Dell Vostro Laptop A840

This is Dell Vostro Laptop Model A840 which is built with Intel Core2Duo processor. The color is Black. The Hard Disk Drive is 160GB. The Laptop Memory on this Dell Vostro Laptop is 1GB DDR2 ( Not DDR3 and 1GB is not a good configuration). The chipset is Intel X3100. The Laptop Processor model is T5470. Warranty on this Dell laptop is 1 Year Carry in. The disadvantage on this laptop – there is no webcam.

Laptop Specification

* Intel Core2Duo processor T5470
* 160GB HDD
* 1GB DDR2 Laptop Memory
* DVD +/-RW Drive
* Laptop Color – Black
* Chipset : Intel X3100
* 14.1 inch Display
* Warranty: 1 year Carry in
* Webcam: NO
* 6 Cell Laptop Battery
* Large Nylon Carry Case
* Bluetooth : YES

Dell Vostro Laptop Bundle1

Dell laptop bundle offer #1. Available only on availability. Check the Dell dealer nearest to you.
This Dell laptop comes with the Intel T5670 processor. 160GB Hard Disk Drive and 1GB Memory. The video card is Intel X3100 gives better clarity video output. DVD+/- RW slot drive, 1.3Mega Pixel camera, Bluetooth and 6cell Battery.
The Operating system in this Dell laptop is Free DOS. But possible upgrade to Vista or buy your own Vista operating system and install. Free Large Nylon Carry Case.
This Dell Laptop Specification

* Processor: Intel T5670
* HDD: 160GB
* RAM: 1GB
* Video Card: Intel X3100
* Operating System: Free DOS
* Optical Drive: Slot Drive DVD+/-RW
* Display: 15.4 inch WXGA
* Bluetooth
* 1.3 Mega pixel
* Battery: 6 Cell
* Carry Bag: Big Nylon Laptop Bag

source : http://www.laptoppricelist.in

HP Pavilion Laptop DV4-1415TU


HP Pavilion Laptop DV4-1415TU, is one of laptop from HP production. Price of HP Pavilion Laptop DV4-1415TU is Rs-40450. This HP Laptop is one the cheapest priced variety from HP with full set of features. Weighs only 2.26kg powered by Intel Core2Duo Mobile processor gives quiet and fast processing most will like. The enhanced speed step technology is the added advantage of this HP laptop. The Price of this HP laptop is a good bargain for its features. Intel GM45 Express Chipset and 3GB of DDR2 RAM are its other two very attracting features. HDMI v1.3 and one eSATA port which can transfer files at 3GB/sec are gives us the feature technology proof.

The missing part of this laptop is its DDR2 RAM when we are all looking for the DDR3 RAM. And it is not Windows7. We hope very soon HP will release more laptops with Windows7 operating system.

Even these are the missing points, we highly recommend this HP Laptop for its cheap price with full bundled features. It is a real gift from HP.

HP Pavilion Laptop DV4-1415TU Specification

Microprocessor

* Intel Core2 Duo Mobile Processor T6600 (2.2 GHz)
* Enhanced Speed-Step Technology
* 800 MHz FSB
* 2 MB Integrated L2 advanced transfer cache

Chipset

* Intel GM45 Express Chipset

Memory RAM

* 3 GB PC2-6400 DDR2 (800 MHz)
* 2 SODIMM Slots

Hard Drive

* 320 GB SATA Drive
* 150 MB/sec @ 7200 RPM
* HP ProtectSmart HDD Protection

DVD Drive

* 8X SuperMulti Drive with DL
* LightScribe Technology
* DVD+RW/+R Writer

Graphics

* Intel Graphics Media Accelerator (GMA) 4500M HD

Display

* 14.1inch Widescreen TFT
* 1280 x 768 WXGA
* 16:10 Aspect Ratio
* BrightView Display
* Audio / Speakers
* SRS Audio
* High Definition Audio
* Altec Lansing Stereo Speakers

LAN

* Integrated 10/100 LAN
* High Speed 56K Modem

5-In-1 Digital Media Reader

* Secure Digital(SD), Multi-media card(MMC), Memory stick (MS), Memory stick pro(MSP) and xD card

Wireless LAN

* Integrated Wireless LAN 802.11b/g

Bluetooth

* Integrated Bluetooth 2.0 HP

Others

* ExpressCard/54 slot

Ports

* One HDMI v1.3 with HDCP Key
* eSATA (3 Gb/sec) / USB 2.0 combo Port
* Two USB 2.0 Ports
* Two Stereo Headphone Jacks
* One Microphone In (Stereo)
* One RJ-11 – Modem
* One RJ-45 – NIC
* One DC Power In
* One VGA Out
* Expansion port 3
* Docking port
* Kensington Lock

Pointing Device & Keyboard

* Touch Pad with Two way Scroll Zone
* 86 Keys layout; 12 Function Keys
* Fingerprint Reader

Webcam and Microphones

* In-built Web Cam
* Digital Dual Array microphones

Operating System

* Windows Vista Home Premium (32-bit)

Additional Software

* Motorola SoftStylus
* Adobe Acrobat Reader 9.x

Entertainment / Imaging

* Cyberlink DVD Suite
* HP MediaSmart
* HP MediaSmart DVD
* HP MediaSmart Music
* HP MediaSmart Photo
* HP MediaSmart Webcam
* Muvee Reveal
* HP Games -Shareware
* Digital Persona Fingerprint Reader

* 3D Drive Guard HDD Protection
* Norton Internet Security 2009 (Includes 60 days of Live updates)
* Norton Anti-Virus (Includes 60 days of Live updates)
* Recovery Disc Creator

Accessories

* HP Mobile ExpressCard Remote Control

Battery

* 6 Cell Lithium Ion

Dimensions ? (H x W x D)

* 1.34/1.56 x 13.14 x 9.43 inches

Weight

* 2.26 Kgs / 5 lbs

Warranty – One Year.

source : http://www.laptoppricelist.in

How to Choose The Best Monitor


How to choose the best monitor for you ? Before you buy a monitor for your computer, you can read this article to guide you for choosing the best monitor. Are you looking for a computer monitor? Monitors are your window into the computer - everything that happens in your software and applications happens via the monitor. It is hence very important to choose a good monitor to go along with your new PC.

Traditionally, CRT (cathode ray tube) monitors have been used for desktop computers. However, these days, LCD (liquid crystal display) monitors are selling like hotcakes.

It's easy to see why: LCD monitors are easier on the eyes, have very crisp image quality and yes, they're sexy and cool. Laptops also use LCD screens - so we're slowly beginning to see CRT monitors being phased out.

Which type you choose depends on your requirements. If you're a graphics professional, you may prefer a CRT monitor because they are said to show more realistic colors. However, the latest high-end LCDs can also give equal color quality. If you with text most of the time, a LCD is a good choice because the various pixels that you find on a LCD will have nicely defined edges. This gives sharp and focus letters on the screen.

To help you choose a monitor that'll meet your needs, this article will step through the factors to consider when buying a LCD or CRT monitor.


LCD MonitorsBold
Let's first look at the various factors you need to think about when purchasing a LCD displayicon.

Panel Size
In an LCD monitor, the panel size reflects the viewable area you can use. Again, the measurement is made diagonally from one corner of the screen to the opposite corner. LCD panel sizes now range from 15 inches up to 23 inches.

Native Resolution
An LCD panel display always has a certain native resolution. Usually you can go lower than this resolution but the image will appear blurry. If you need to change your monitor resolution quite often, then a CRT monitor may be a better bet. LCD native resolutions currently range from 1024 by 768 to 1600 by 1200.

Viewing Angle
One problem specific to LCD monitors is the fact that you cannot see what is displayed if you move off to the side of the monitor too much. A greater viewing angle is therefore typically better - especially if you need to show presentations to others on the LCD screen very often.


CRT Monitors

Now let's take a look at some things you need to look out for when purchasing a CRT displayicon.

Tube Size and Viewable Area
The tube size and viewable area of a CRT monitor is of utmost importance. The tube size helps you judge how much room you'll need for the monitor on your desk. It is expressed in inches measured from one corner of the monitor to the opposite corner.

The viewable area (also measured diagonally) indicates how much you'll be able to see on a screen. The viewable area of CRTs can range from 15 inches all the way up to 22 inches.

Tube Type
You'll need to think about tube type as well. Traditional CRTs have curved screens, while newer models usually have flat screens. Flat screens improve clarity and reduce glare, so you should think of getting one if you want to reduce eye strain and fatigue.

Maximum Resolution and Refresh Rate
A CRT monitor's maximum resolution can range from 1024 by 768 at 75 Hz all the way up to 2048 by 1536 at 70 Hz. For normal home use, 1024 by 768 at 75 Hz is sufficient. Try to ensure your CRT monitor supports refresh rates above 70 Hz - anything below 70 Hz can result in screen flicker and cause eye strain.

Dot Pitch
The dot pitch of a CRT monitor helps you determine how sharp a picture will be - these can range from 0.24 mm to 0.28 mm. A smaller dot pitch number often indicates a sharper image. Of course, to the untrained eye, the differences in image quality due to dot pitch may not be discernable. Hence, the dot pitch may not be an important consideration if you're not too concerned about the finest details in your screen images.


Conclusion

I hope the above has helped you understand what factors to look out for when buying a LCD or CRT monitor. One thing to always remember when buying a new monitor - don't throw away your old one! Re-use it for an old PC or give it to a friend who needs one. By not dumping that old monitor, you'll certainly help to save the environment.

source : http://www.build-your-own-computers.com

How to Choose The Best Motherboard


How to choose the best motherboard for you ? This article important for you before you buy a motherboard to build you computer. Are you confused by the vast array of motherboards out there? Choosing a good motherboard is one of the most daunting tasks when building your own computer. All your system's components eventually connect back to the motherboard, so if you choose an inappropriate board, your system is going to have problems.

Personally , I feel the motherboard is one component you shouldn't scrimp on - buy the best you can afford. I've seen many otherwise good PCs bogged down by a bad motherboard.

This article will help you choose a good motherboard - read on to learn about the various factors to consider when purchasing one.


What's Your Processor?
First and most important thing to consider when buying your motherboard - what CPU or processor are you using? Motherboards are made differently, not all motherboards will support all CPUs. What CPU you select will determine the type of motherboard you get.

For example, if you want to use an Intel Pentium 4 CPU, the motherboard you select must be able to support that brand and model of CPU. The motherboards are also designed to support specific speeds for a CPU, so make sure it can support the speed of the processor as well.


Choose Your Chipset

What is a chipset? Well, chipsets are the main controllers on the motherboard - they allow the CPU to interface with the various components and expansion cards installed.

When choosing your chipset, always bear in mind the type of memory supported by the motherboard. Make sure that the board supports the type and amount of RAM you need. Generally, choosing a chipset that supports high speed memory will allow your system to perform better.


Expansions Slots and Connectors

If you intend to various peripherals to the computer, then the number and type of expansion slots and connectors is important. By default, most motherboards these days have USB 2.0 ports incorporated into their design. If you do a lot of video capturing and editing, you'll also want to have a Firewire (IEEE 1394) port. If you intend to buy expansion cards, make sure the board comes with an ample number of PCI slots.

Do You Need to Overclock?

If you want to overclock your CPU (though I don't particularly encourage it) - you should ensure you get a motherboard that supports overclocking. You'll want a motherboard that has a wide range of adjustments to CPU settings, including CPU voltage and bus speeds.


Other Features

These days, most motherboards have a whole host of extra features loaded into them. These can include things such as on-board Ethernet, audio, a RAID controller or even graphics. I find such features very handy as they help you save money - you need not buy additional expansion cards.


Conclusion

In short, make sure you do your homework when purchasing a motherboard. Go to the motherboard manufacturer's website and read about its products. Download the motherboard manual and see if its well documented.

At the risk of sounding biased, I've always preferred ASUS motherboards. However, its all up to you. Consider what features are important to you and go get your motherboard. As I said earlier, don't scrimp on the motherboard. Its one of the most important PC components, so get the best you can afford.

source : http://www.build-your-own-computers.com

Spesifikasi Microsoft Kin One and Two Diperbarui Dengan CPU 600 MHz

Beberapa rincian tentang ponsel social network untuk anak muda yaitu Microsoft Kin One dan Kin Two tampaknya masih belum jelas hingga saat ini. Namun berkat direktur pemasaran sosial John Starkweather, ada secercah informasi berkenaan dengan keberadaan perangkat yang satu ini. Selain itu, informasi yang berasal dari Facebook Page Microsoft Jerman juga turut banyak membantu dalam hal ini.

Baik Microsoft Kin One dan Kin Two kabarnya akan didukung dengan prosesor 600 MHz dan RAM 256 MB. Kedua perangkat buatan Microsoft tersebut memiliki layar multi sentuh kapasitif, penyimpanan internal masing-masing 4 GB dan 8 GB , Kamera yang masing-masing berkemampuan 5 dan 8 megapiksel dengan kamera VGA dan handal dalam merekam video HD.

Disamping itu, kedua ponsel Microsoft tersebut juga akan memiliki kemampuan accelerometer, cahaya ambient dan sensor gerak.

Mengenai keberadaannya sendiri kabarnya Microsoft Kin One dan Kin Two akan segera dirilis dalam pada bulan Mei mendatang di Amerika Serikat dan Eropa. Untuk di Amerika Serikat, kedua ponsel tersebut akan ditawarkan ditangani pemasarannya oleh operator Verizon dan Alltel, sementara Vodafone baru akan menjualnya khusus pada musim gugur ini di Jerman, Italia, Spanyol dan UK. sumber : www.beritateknologi.com

Digital Works ReZap Recharge Untuk Mengisi Ulang Baterei Kosong Anda

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Anda kesulitan menemukan perangkat pengisi ulang (recharge) yang handal ? Hm, Anda tidak perlu merasa bingung lagi, pasalnya kini telah hadir perangkat pengisi ulang (recharge) yang mampu mendukung berbagai jenis pengisian ulang.

Sebuah perusahaan Australia yang bernama Digital Works baru-baru ini telah meluncurkan seri recharger baterai terbarunya yaitu ReZap. Perangkat recharge baterei tersebut ternyata mampu mengisi (charge) tidak hanya sel-sel yang dapat diisi ulang seperti Mangan Alkalin isi ulang (RAM), Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) dan Nickel Metal Hidrida (NiMH), tetapi juga sel-sel yang sekali pakai seperti baterai Alkalin dan Titanium.

Dua pengisi daya yang tersedia adalah ReZap Pro RBC889 dan ReZAP USB iPower RBC886. Untuk ReZap Pro RBC889 sendiri memiliki kemampuan mengisi ulang baterei-baterei seperti AA, AAA, CD, D, 9V dan dilengkapi dengan built-in tester baterai, sedangkan USB ReZAP iPower RBC886 telah mendukung baterai AA dan daya USB.

Mengenai harganya di pasaran, ReZap Pro RBC889 dibandrol seharga 119,95 AUD (1.012.761 rupiah) dan ReZap Pro RBC889 dibandrol seharga 34,95 AUD (295.089 rupiah).

Trio GPS Terbaru Buatan Mio Merambah Eropa

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Jangan menganggap handal perangkat GPS Anda jikalau Anda masih saja tersesat saat melakukan perjalanan menggunakan perangkat GPS yang Anda miliki tersebut. Bila memang demikian, segeralah perbaharui perangkat GPS yang Anda pergunakan tersebut. Siapa tahu saja Anda dapat mengefisiensikan waktu diperjalanan tanpa harus sibuk mengurusi ketidaktahuan Anda dalam menelusuri kemana jalan yang harus Anda tempuh dan tuju.

Berkaitan dengan itu, baru-baru ini sebuah produsen perangkat GPS yang bernama Mio mulai merambah pasaran Eropa dengan menawarkan trio perangkat GPS terbarunya yaitu Navman 470, 475 dan 575. Semua perangkat GPS tersebut telah berbasis teknologi dan pemetaan dari TomTom. Mio Navman 470 dan Mio Navman 475 dilengkapi dengan layar sentuh berukuran 4,3 inci, sedangkan Mio Navman 575 dilengkapi dengan layar berukuran 4,7 inci.

Trio perangkat GPS tersebut menggunakan chipset GPS SiRFStar dengan InstantFix. Selain itu, juga memiliki fungsi TomTom IQ Routes dan fungsi LearnMe milik dari Mio yang mampu memberi keterangan jalan-jalan yang ingin Anda lalui kapanpun.

Mengenai harga pasarannya, Mio Navman 470 dan Navman 475 lengkap dengan peta Eropa Barat dibandrol seharga 99 GBP (1.391.390 rupiah). Sementara itu, untuk perangkat GPS Mio Navman 575 dibandrol sebesar 149,99 GBP atau sekitar 2,1 juta rupiah.

Smartbook HP Compaq AirLife 100 Android

HP telah menampilkan informasi dan spesifikasi produk baru Compaq AirLife 100 yang merupakan smartbook Android yang baru.
Netbook AirLife 100 ini memiliki prosesor Ghz Qualcomm SnapDragon QSD8250 dengan memori 512 MB RAM, memori flash 512 MB dan kapasitas internal 16GB.

Compaq AirLife 100 memiliki layar sentuh 10.1 inch dengan resolusi 1024×600, keyboard QWERTY dan trackpad.
Netbook ini juga mendukung konektivitas Wifi dan Bluetooth.

Spesifikasi Netbook HP Compaq Airlife 100:

Feature Description
Chipset Qualcomm Snapdragon QSD8250 chipset with integrated Scorpion central processing unit
Processor Qualcomm Snapdragon QSD8250 1 GHz
Memory 512MB RAM, 512MB Flash memory
Internal Storage1 16GB (15GB user available), 1GB may not be available due to application requirements. (Program may require a download for use.)
Display 10.1-inch diagonal backlit TFT resistive touch screen
Graphics 16-bit color (65 K colors), 1024 x 600 pixels (WSVGA)
Input device Keyboard, trackpad, touch screen display
Power Battery : Removable/rechargeable 28 Wh typical Li-Polymer battery, AC adapter included (compatible for international use)

NOTE: 1: For internal storage, GB = 1 billion bytes. Actual formatted capacity is less.

Software:

  • Home screen with Widgets and Shortcut Strip
  • POP3 & IMAP Email
  • Calendar & Contacts
  • Alarm clock / World clock
  • Calculator & Self Portrait
  • Camcorder video recorder
  • Data transfer counter
  • Wireless printing (photos only)
  • Web browser with tabs and Adobe Flash Lite support
  • Music player
  • RoadSync Exchange (email, calendar, and contacts access and synchronization)
  • NDrive navigation with GPS – comes pre-installed with regional maps and points of interest included1
  • Weather application
  • Quickoffice document handler (works with Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Adobe PDF files)

Sumber: http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=c02084190&cc=us&dlc=en&lc=en&jumpid=reg_R1002_USEN#N1200 via itechnews.net, http://beritateknologi.com

Memilih Dell Vostro 230 Mini Tower dan PC Desktop Slim Tower Terbaru

Inilah kabar menggembirakan dari DEL dimana perusahaan ini telah mengeluarkan produk terbarunya yaitu Dell Vostro 230 Mini Tower dan PC Desktop Slim.

Dell baru saja meluncurkan Vostro 230 Mini Tower (MT) baru dan PC desktop Slim Tower (ST) yang diperuntukkan bagi kalangan bisnis. Sebenarnya dua tipe ini hampir sama, kecuali bentuk chasis luar aja yang terlihat berbeda.
Kedua pc baru ini diperkuat oleh pilihan prosesor sampai Core 2 Quad, memori RAM sampai 4GB dan pilihan kartu grafis integrated GMA X4500 atau NVIDIA GeForce G310 512MB atau NVIDIA GeForce GT220 1GB.

Tipe Vostro 230 MT dan ST memiliki 2TB hard drive dan sebuah DVD burner. Sistem operasi yang digunakan adalah Windows 7. Harga Vostro 230 Mini Tower mulai dari 299 USD dan Vostro 230 Slim Tower dari 339 USD. (Ref : www.beritateknologi.com)

Definition of Processor

Do you know definition of processor ? What is Processor ? Every computer always use processor to processing data. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) or the processor is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program, and is the primary element carrying out the computer's functions. This term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s. The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed dramatically since the earliest examples, but their fundamental operation remains much the same.

Early CPUs were custom-designed as a part of a larger, sometimes one-of-a-kind, computer. However, this costly method of designing custom CPUs for a particular application has largely given way to the development of mass-produced processors that are made for one or many purposes. This standardization trend generally began in the era of discrete transistor mainframes and minicomputers and has rapidly accelerated with the popularization of the integrated circuit (IC). The IC has allowed increasingly complex CPUs to be designed and manufactured to tolerances on the order of nanometers. Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased the presence of these digital devices in modern life far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines. Modern microprocessors appear in everything from automobiles to cell phones and children's toys. Source : www.wikipedia.org

Computer Hardware

The posting below we will learn about computer hardware. Before we learn about computer we must know about computer hardware, then computer software. We put this article from wikipedia. You can read it. A personal computer is made up of multiple physical components of computer hardware, upon which can be installed an operating system and a multitude of software to perform the operator's desired functions.


Hardware of a modern Personal Computer.
1. Monitor
2. Motherboard
3. CPU
4. RAM Memory
5. Expansion card
6. Power supply
7. Optical disc drive
8. Hard Disk
9. Keyboard
10. Mouse
Inside a custom computer.

Though a PC comes in many different forms, a typical personal computer consists of a case or chassis in a tower shape (desktop) and the following parts:


The motherboard is the main component inside the case. It is a large rectangular board with integrated circuitry that connects the rest of the parts of the computer including the CPU, the RAM, the disk drives (CD, DVD, hard disk, or any others) as well as any peripherals connected via the ports or the expansion slots.

Components directly attached to the motherboard include:

* The central processing unit (CPU) performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to function, and is sometimes referred to as the "brain" of the computer. It is usually cooled by a heat sink and fan.
* The chip set mediates communication between the CPU and the other components of the system, including main memory.
* RAM (Random Access Memory) stores all running processes (applications) and the current running OS.
* The BIOS includes boot firmware and power management. The Basic Input Output System tasks are handled by operating system drivers.
* Internal Buses connect the CPU to various internal components and to expansion cards for graphics and sound.
o Current
+ The north bridge memory controller, for RAM and PCI Express
# PCI Express, for expansion cards such as graphics and physics processors, and high-end network interfaces
+ PCI, for other expansion cards
+ SATA, for disk drives
o Obsolete
+ ATA (superseded by SATA)
+ AGP (superseded by PCI Express)
+ VLB VESA Local Bus (superseded by AGP)
+ ISA (expansion card slot format obsolete in PCs, but still used in industrial computers)
* External Bus Controllers support ports for external peripherals. These ports may be controlled directly by the south bridge I/O controller or based on expansion cards attached to the motherboard through the PCI bus.
o USB
o FireWire
o eSATA
o SCSI
Power supply
Main article: Power supply unit (computer)

A power supply unit (PSU) is the component that supplies power to the other components in a computer. More specifically, a power supply unit is typically designed to convert general-purpose alternating current (AC) electric power from the mains (100-127V in North America, parts of South America, Japan, and Taiwan; 220-240V in most of the rest of the world) to usable low-voltage DC power for the internal components of the computer. Some power supplies have a switch to change between 230 V and 115 V. Other models have automatic sensors that switch input voltage automatically, or are able to accept any voltage between those limits. It converts high voltage into low voltage.
[edit] Video display controller
Main article: Graphics card

Produces the output for the computer monitor. This will either be built into the motherboard or attached in its own separate slot (PCI, PCI-E, PCI-E 2.0, or AGP), in the form of a graphics card..
[edit] Removable media devices
Main article: Computer storage

* CD (compact disc) - the most common type of removable media, suitable for music and data.
o CD-ROM Drive - a device used for reading data from a CD.
o CD Writer - a device used for both reading and writing data to and from a CD.
* DVD (digital versatile disc) - a popular type of removable media that is the same dimensions as a CD but stores up to 12 times as much information. It is the most common way of transferring digital video, and is popular for data storage.
o DVD-ROM Drive - a device used for reading data from a DVD.
o DVD Writer - a device used for both reading and writing data to and from a DVD.
o DVD-RAM Drive - a device used for rapid writing and reading of data from a special type of DVD.
* Blu-ray Disc - a high-density optical disc format for data and high-definition video. Can store 70 times as much information as a CD.
o BD-ROM Drive - a device used for reading data from a Blu-ray disc.
o BD Writer - a device used for both reading and writing data to and from a Blu-ray disc.
* HD DVD - a discontinued competitor to the Blu-ray format...
* Floppy disk - an outdated storage device consisting of a thin disk of a flexible magnetic storage medium. Used today mainly for loading RAID drivers.
* Iomega Zip drive - an outdated medium-capacity removable disk storage system, first introduced by Iomega in 1994.
* USB flash drive - a flash memory data storage device integrated with a USB interface, typically small, lightweight, removable, and rewritable. Capacities vary, from hundreds of megabytes (in the same ballpark as CDs) to tens of gigabytes (surpassing, at great expense, Blu-ray discs).
* Tape drive - a device that reads and writes data on a magnetic tape, used for long term storage and backups.

[edit] Secondary storage

Hardware that keeps data inside the computer for later use and remains persistent even when the computer has no power.

* Hard disk - for medium-term storage of data.
* Solid-state drive - a device similar to hard disk, but containing no moving parts and stores data in a digital format.
* RAID array controller - a device to manage several internal or external hard disks and optionally some peripherals in order to achieve performance or reliability improvement in what is called a RAID array.

[edit] Sound card
Main article: Sound card

Enables the computer to output sound to audio devices, as well as accept input from a microphone. Most modern computers have sound cards built-in to the motherboard, though it is common for a user to install a separate sound card as an upgrade. Most sound cards, either built-in or added, have surround sound capabilities.
[edit] Other peripherals
Main article: Peripheral

In addition, hardware devices can include external components of a computer system. The following are either standard or very common.
Wheel Mouse

Includes various input and output devices, usually external to the computer system.
[edit] Input
Main article: Input

* Text input devices
o Keyboard - a device to input text and characters by depressing buttons (referred to as keys), similar to a typewriter. The most common English-language key layout is the QWERTY layout.
* Pointing devices
o Mouse - a pointing device that detects two dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface.
o Optical Mouse - a newer technology that uses Light to track the surface under the mouse to determine the motion to be translated into cursor movements on the screen.
o Trackball - a pointing device consisting of an exposed protruding ball housed in a socket that detects rotation about two axes.

* Gaming devices
o Joystick - a general control device that consists of a handheld stick that pivots around one end, to detect angles in two or three dimensions.
o Gamepad - a general handheld game controller that relies on the digits (especially thumbs) to provide input.
o Game controller - a specific type of controller specialized for certain gaming purposes.
* Image, Video input devices
o Image scanner - a device that provides input by analyzing images, printed text, handwriting, or an object.
o Webcam - a low resolution video camera used to provide visual input that can be easily transferred over the internet.
* Audio input devices
o Microphone - an acoustic sensor that provides input by converting sound into electrical signals.

soucer from : wikipedia
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.

The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies—automated calculation and programmability—but no single device can be identified as the earliest computer, partly because of the inconsistent application of that term. Examples of early mechanical calculating devices include the abacus, the slide rule and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which dates from about 150–100 BC). Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when. This is the essence of programmability.

The "castle clock", an astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari in 1206, is considered to be the earliest programmable analog computer. It displayed the zodiac, the solar and lunar orbits, a crescent moon-shaped pointer travelling across a gateway causing automatic doors to open every hour, and five robotic musicians who played music when struck by levers operated by a camshaft attached to a water wheel. The length of day and night could be re-programmed to compensate for the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year.

The Renaissance saw a re-invigoration of European mathematics and engineering. Wilhelm Schickard's 1623 device was the first of a number of mechanical calculators constructed by European engineers, but none fit the modern definition of a computer, because they could not be programmed.

In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of programmability.

It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.[8] Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed.

In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine readable medium. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..." To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of technologies that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers had begun to appear: the punched card, Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve) and the teleprinter.

During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.

Alan Turing is widely regarded to be the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. Of his role in the modern computer, Time magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".

The inventor of the program-controlled computer was Konrad Zuse, who built the first working computer in 1941 and later in 1955 the first computer based on magnetic storage.

George Stibitz is internationally recognized as a father of the modern digital computer. While working at Bell Labs in November 1937, Stibitz invented and built a relay-based calculator he dubbed the "Model K" (for "kitchen table", on which he had assembled it), which was the first to use binary circuits to perform an arithmetic operation. Later models added greater sophistication including complex arithmetic and programmability.

A succession of steadily more powerful and flexible computing devices were constructed in the 1930s and 1940s, gradually adding the key features that are seen in modern computers. The use of digital electronics (largely invented by Claude Shannon in 1937) and more flexible programmability were vitally important steps, but defining one point along this road as "the first digital electronic computer" is difficult.Shannon 1940 Notable achievements include:
EDSAC was one of the first computers to implement the stored program (von Neumann) architecture.
Die of an Intel 80486DX2 microprocessor (actual size: 12×6.75 mm) in its packaging.

* Konrad Zuse's electromechanical "Z machines". The Z3 (1941) was the first working machine featuring binary arithmetic, including floating point arithmetic and a measure of programmability. In 1998 the Z3 was proved to be Turing complete, therefore being the world's first operational computer.[13]
* The non-programmable Atanasoff–Berry Computer (1941) which used vacuum tube based computation, binary numbers, and regenerative capacitor memory. The use of regenerative memory allowed it to be much more compact than its peers (being approximately the size of a large desk or workbench), since intermediate results could be stored and then fed back into the same set of computation elements.
* The secret British Colossus computers (1943),[14] which had limited programmability but demonstrated that a device using thousands of tubes could be reasonably reliable and electronically reprogrammable. It was used for breaking German wartime codes.
* The Harvard Mark I (1944), a large-scale electromechanical computer with limited programmability.
* The U.S. Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory ENIAC (1946), which used decimal arithmetic and is sometimes called the first general purpose electronic computer (since Konrad Zuse's Z3 of 1941 used electromagnets instead of electronics). Initially, however, ENIAC had an inflexible architecture which essentially required rewiring to change its programming.

Several developers of ENIAC, recognizing its flaws, came up with a far more flexible and elegant design, which came to be known as the "stored program architecture" or von Neumann architecture. This design was first formally described by John von Neumann in the paper First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, distributed in 1945. A number of projects to develop computers based on the stored-program architecture commenced around this time, the first of these being completed in Great Britain. The first to be demonstrated working was the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine (SSEM or "Baby"), while the EDSAC, completed a year after SSEM, was the first practical implementation of the stored program design. Shortly thereafter, the machine originally described by von Neumann's paper—EDVAC—was completed but did not see full-time use for an additional two years.

Nearly all modern computers implement some form of the stored-program architecture, making it the single trait by which the word "computer" is now defined. While the technologies used in computers have changed dramatically since the first electronic, general-purpose computers of the 1940s, most still use the von Neumann architecture.

Beginning in the 1950s, Soviet scientists Sergei Sobolev and Nikolay Brusentsov conducted research on ternary computers, devices that operated on a base three numbering system of -1, 0, and 1 rather than the conventional binary numbering system upon which most computers are based. They designed the Setun, a functional ternary computer, at Moscow State University. The device was put into limited production in the Soviet Union, but supplanted by the more common binary architecture.

Computers using vacuum tubes as their electronic elements were in use throughout the 1950s, but by the 1960s had been largely replaced by transistor-based machines, which were smaller, faster, cheaper to produce, required less power, and were more reliable. The first transistorised computer was demonstrated at the University of Manchester in 1953.[15] In the 1970s, integrated circuit technology and the subsequent creation of microprocessors, such as the Intel 4004, further decreased size and cost and further increased speed and reliability of computers. By the late 1970s, many products such as video recorders contained dedicated computers called microcontrollers, and they started to appear as a replacement to mechanical controls in domestic appliances such as washing machines. The 1980s witnessed home computers and the now ubiquitous personal computer. With the evolution of the Internet, personal computers are becoming as common as the television and the telephone in the household[citation needed].

Modern smartphones are fully programmable computers in their own right, and as of 2009 may well be the most common form of such computers in existence

History of Computer

The posting below, we will learn about history of computer. If you student of Senior hThe first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.

The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies—automated calculation and programmability—but no single device can be identified as the earliest computer, partly because of the inconsistent application of that term. Examples of early mechanical calculating devices include the abacus, the slide rule and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which dates from about 150–100 BC). Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when. This is the essence of programmability.

The "castle clock", an astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari in 1206, is considered to be the earliest programmable analog computer. It displayed the zodiac, the solar and lunar orbits, a crescent moon-shaped pointer travelling across a gateway causing automatic doors to open every hour, and five robotic musicians who played music when struck by levers operated by a camshaft attached to a water wheel. The length of day and night could be re-programmed to compensate for the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year.

The Renaissance saw a re-invigoration of European mathematics and engineering. Wilhelm Schickard's 1623 device was the first of a number of mechanical calculators constructed by European engineers, but none fit the modern definition of a computer, because they could not be programmed.

In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of programmability.

It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.[8] Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed.

In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine readable medium. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..." To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of technologies that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers had begun to appear: the punched card, Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve) and the teleprinter.

During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.

Alan Turing is widely regarded to be the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. Of his role in the modern computer, Time magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".

The inventor of the program-controlled computer was Konrad Zuse, who built the first working computer in 1941 and later in 1955 the first computer based on magnetic storage.

George Stibitz is internationally recognized as a father of the modern digital computer. While working at Bell Labs in November 1937, Stibitz invented and built a relay-based calculator he dubbed the "Model K" (for "kitchen table", on which he had assembled it), which was the first to use binary circuits to perform an arithmetic operation. Later models added greater sophistication including complex arithmetic and programmability.

A succession of steadily more powerful and flexible computing devices were constructed in the 1930s and 1940s, gradually adding the key features that are seen in modern computers. The use of digital electronics (largely invented by Claude Shannon in 1937) and more flexible programmability were vitally important steps, but defining one point along this road as "the first digital electronic computer" is difficult.Shannon 1940 Notable achievements include:
EDSAC was one of the first computers to implement the stored program (von Neumann) architecture.
Die of an Intel 80486DX2 microprocessor (actual size: 12×6.75 mm) in its packaging.

* Konrad Zuse's electromechanical "Z machines". The Z3 (1941) was the first working machine featuring binary arithmetic, including floating point arithmetic and a measure of programmability. In 1998 the Z3 was proved to be Turing complete, therefore being the world's first operational computer.
* The non-programmable Atanasoff–Berry Computer (1941) which used vacuum tube based computation, binary numbers, and regenerative capacitor memory. The use of regenerative memory allowed it to be much more compact than its peers (being approximately the size of a large desk or workbench), since intermediate results could be stored and then fed back into the same set of computation elements.
* The secret British Colossus computers (1943), which had limited programmability but demonstrated that a device using thousands of tubes could be reasonably reliable and electronically reprogrammable. It was used for breaking German wartime codes.
* The Harvard Mark I (1944), a large-scale electromechanical computer with limited programmability.
* The U.S. Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory ENIAC (1946), which used decimal arithmetic and is sometimes called the first general purpose electronic computer (since Konrad Zuse's Z3 of 1941 used electromagnets instead of electronics). Initially, however, ENIAC had an inflexible architecture which essentially required rewiring to change its programming.

Several developers of ENIAC, recognizing its flaws, came up with a far more flexible and elegant design, which came to be known as the "stored program architecture" or von Neumann architecture. This design was first formally described by John von Neumann in the paper First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, distributed in 1945. A number of projects to develop computers based on the stored-program architecture commenced around this time, the first of these being completed in Great Britain. The first to be demonstrated working was the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine (SSEM or "Baby"), while the EDSAC, completed a year after SSEM, was the first practical implementation of the stored program design. Shortly thereafter, the machine originally described by von Neumann's paper—EDVAC—was completed but did not see full-time use for an additional two years.

Nearly all modern computers implement some form of the stored-program architecture, making it the single trait by which the word "computer" is now defined. While the technologies used in computers have changed dramatically since the first electronic, general-purpose computers of the 1940s, most still use the von Neumann architecture.

Beginning in the 1950s, Soviet scientists Sergei Sobolev and Nikolay Brusentsov conducted research on ternary computers, devices that operated on a base three numbering system of -1, 0, and 1 rather than the conventional binary numbering system upon which most computers are based. They designed the Setun, a functional ternary computer, at Moscow State University. The device was put into limited production in the Soviet Union, but supplanted by the more common binary architecture.

Computers using vacuum tubes as their electronic elements were in use throughout the 1950s, but by the 1960s had been largely replaced by transistor-based machines, which were smaller, faster, cheaper to produce, required less power, and were more reliable. The first transistorised computer was demonstrated at the University of Manchester in 1953. In the 1970s, integrated circuit technology and the subsequent creation of microprocessors, such as the Intel 4004, further decreased size and cost and further increased speed and reliability of computers. By the late 1970s, many products such as video recorders contained dedicated computers called microcontrollers, and they started to appear as a replacement to mechanical controls in domestic appliances such as washing machines. The 1980s witnessed home computers and the now ubiquitous personal computer. With the evolution of the Internet, personal computers are becoming as common as the television and the telephone in the household [citation needed].

Modern smartphones are fully programmable computers in their own right, and as of 2009 may well be the most common form of such computers in existence

source from www.wikipedia.org
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.

The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies—automated calculation and programmability—but no single device can be identified as the earliest computer, partly because of the inconsistent application of that term. Examples of early mechanical calculating devices include the abacus, the slide rule and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which dates from about 150–100 BC). Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when. This is the essence of programmability.

The "castle clock", an astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari in 1206, is considered to be the earliest programmable analog computer. It displayed the zodiac, the solar and lunar orbits, a crescent moon-shaped pointer travelling across a gateway causing automatic doors to open every hour, and five robotic musicians who played music when struck by levers operated by a camshaft attached to a water wheel. The length of day and night could be re-programmed to compensate for the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year.

The Renaissance saw a re-invigoration of European mathematics and engineering. Wilhelm Schickard's 1623 device was the first of a number of mechanical calculators constructed by European engineers, but none fit the modern definition of a computer, because they could not be programmed.

In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of programmability.

It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.[8] Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed.

In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine readable medium. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..." To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of technologies that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers had begun to appear: the punched card, Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve) and the teleprinter.

During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.

Alan Turing is widely regarded to be the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. Of his role in the modern computer, Time magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".

The inventor of the program-controlled computer was Konrad Zuse, who built the first working computer in 1941 and later in 1955 the first computer based on magnetic storage.

George Stibitz is internationally recognized as a father of the modern digital computer. While working at Bell Labs in November 1937, Stibitz invented and built a relay-based calculator he dubbed the "Model K" (for "kitchen table", on which he had assembled it), which was the first to use binary circuits to perform an arithmetic operation. Later models added greater sophistication including complex arithmetic and programmability.

Computer Introduction

What do you know about computer ? All of you need a computer to finish your working. If you want to learn about definition of computer you can read this article. A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a useful format.

Although mechanical examples of computers have existed through much of recorded human history, the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). These were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into small pocket devices, and can be powered by a small battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.

The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile, distinguishing them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore computers ranging from a netbook to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks, given enough time and storage capacity.

source : www.wikipedia.org

Manfaat Buah Naga Part 2


Pada postingan kali ini kita akan membahas tentang Manfaat Buah Naga untuk Kesehatan. Kalau pada potingan sebelumnya kita banyak mengurai tentang apa itu buah Naga, sekarang kita akan coba sedikit bahas tentang Manfaat atau khasiat buah Naga untuk Kesehatan. Artikel ini saya kutip dari www.buahnaga.us sehingga jika anda ingin mempelajari hal-hal yang terkait dengan buah Anda bisa mengunjungi situs tersebut. Berikut ini uraian manfaat dari buah Naga :

Buah naga mempunyai khasiat yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia diantaranya sebagai penyeimbang kadar gula darah, pelindung kesehatan mulut, pencegah kanker usus, mengurangi kolesterol, pencegah pendarahan dan mengobati keluhan keputihan.

Buah naga biasanya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk buah segar sebagai penghilang dahaga, karena buah naga mengandung kadar air tinggi sekitar 90 % dari berat buah. Rasanya cukup manis karena mengandung kadar gula mencapai 13-18 briks. Buah naga juga dapat disajikan dalam bentuk jus, sari buah, manisan maupu selai atau beragam bentuk penyajian sesuai selera anda.

Secara umum,pakar sependapat dan mengakui buah naga kaya dengan potasium, ferum, protein, serat, sodium dan kalsium yang baik untuk kesihatan berbanding buah-buahan lain yang diimport.

Menurut AL Leong dari Johncola Pitaya Food R&D, organisasi yang meneliti buah naga merah , buah kaktus madu itu cukup kaya dengan berbagai zat vitamin dan mineral yang sangat membantu meningkatkan daya tahan dan bermanfaat bagi metabolisme dalam tubuh manusia.

“Penelitian menunjukkan buah naga merah ini sangat baik untuk sistem peredaran darah, juga memberikan efek mengurangi tekanan emosi dan menetralkan toksik dalam darah.“Penelitian juga menunjukkan buah ini bisa mencegah kanker usus, selain mencegah kandungan kolesterol yang tinggi dalam darah dan menurunkan kadar lemak dalam tubuh,” katanya.

Secara keseluruhan, setiap buah naga merah mengandungi protein yang mampu meningkatkan metabolisme tubuh dan menjaga kesehatan jantung; serat (mencegah kanker usus, kencing manis dan diet); karotin (kesehatan mata, menguatkan otak dan mencegah masuknya penyakit), kalsium (menguatkan tulang).

Buah naga juga mengandungi zat besi untuk menambah darah; vitamin B1 (mencegah demam badan); vitamin B2 (menambah selera); vitamin B3 (menurunkan kadar kolesterol) dan vitamin C (menambah kelicinan, kehalusan kulit serta mencegah jerawat).

Berikut ini kandungan nutrisi lengkap buah naga :

Kadar Gula : 13-18 briks
Air : 90 %
Karbohidrat : 11,5 g
Asam : 0,139 g
Protein : 0,53 g
Serat : 0,71 g
Kalsium : 134,5 mg
Fosfor : 8,7 mg
Magnesium : 60,4 mg
Vitamin C : 9,4 mg

Manfaat Buah Naga Part 1


Tahukah anda manfaat buah Naga ? Kenapa sekarang banyak sekali orang membudidayakan tanaman buah Naga sebagai lahan agrobisnis ? Coba kita tengok catatan yang kami kutip dari berbagai sumber tentang manfaat buah Naga. Ini adalah postingan yang pertama tentang buah Naga, anda bisa lihat gambar tananam dan buah Naga di atas.

Buah naga disebut juga : Kaktus Manis, atau Kaktus Madu terbilang buah yang baru dikenal di Indonesia. Buah naga ini mulai dikembangkan di tanah air, serta memiliki peluang besar untuk disebarluaskan.Buah naga termasuk dalam keluarga tanaman kaktus dengan karakteristik memiliki duri pada setiap ruas batangnya.

Setiap negara memunyai sebutan yang berbeda terhadap buah ini, misal :

Feuy Long Kwa (Cina),

Thanh Long atau Clever Dragon (Vietnam),

Kaew Mangkorn (Thailand),

Shien Mie Kuo (Taiwan),

Pitahaya (Mexico),

Melano (Hawai),

Rhino Fruit (Australia). Sedangkan secara internasional buah disebut Dragon Fruit.

Buah Naga, Kaktus Manis, Kaktus Madu ( Indonesia )

Asal tanaman Buah Naga :

Sebagian besar sumber menyatakan bahwa aslinya berasal dari Meksiko, Amerika Selatan. Konon disebut buah naga, karena seluruh batangnya yang menjulur panjang seperti layaknya naga. Dalam perkembangannya, tanaman ini kemudian dikembangkan di Israel, Thailand dan Australia.

Asalnya hanyalah buah hutan yang tidak dimakan, tetapi, setelah dibawa oleh orang Perancis ke China, ia berubah nama menjadi buah naga, kemudian ditanam secara meluas di Vietnam sebelum berkembang ke Asia termasuk Malaysia. Buah naga yang semula tidak boleh dimakan karena dianggap makanan dewa dan tidak ada perhatian di negara asalnya, sekarang terkenal di seluruh dunia malahan menjadi hidangan eksklusif dalam pesawat terbang dengan jus buah naganya.

Tahun 2001 buah ini hanya dikembangkan di Israel, kemudian Australia, Thailand dan Vietnam, tetapi sekarang sudah mulai merambah pasaran Indonesia.

Saat ini Vietnam dan Thailand merupakan pemasok buah naga terbesar di dunia. Namun permintaan yang bisa dipenuhi baru 50 % saja. Sementara di pasar lokal, kendati masih sedikit, buah naga lokal juga sanggup bersaing dengan buah naga impor.

Buah ini sekarang mulai tersedia di toko buah dan pasar swalayan dan sejumlah perkebunan melirik komoditas ini lantaran budidayanya mudah dan prospek ke depan cerah dibanding buah lainnya.

Di Indonesia, buah naga ini masuk ke tanah air mencapai 200-400 ton/tahun asal Thailand dan Vietnam.

Jenis buah naga ada empat macam, pertama buah naga daging putih (Hylocereus undatus), buah naga daging merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus), buah naga daging super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) dan buah naga kulit kuning daging putih (Selenicerius megalanthus).

Buah naga dikembangkan di Malaysia

Di Malaysia, Buah Naga dibudidayakan pertama kali oleh Chan Weng Chuen. Berlokasi di Pahang, sejak lima tahun lalu. Setelah Chan, 41, mempelajari tanaman yang sangat popular di Taiwan serta beberapa negara Indochina, terutama Vietnam.

Sejak itu, seorang pengelola pusat karaoke ini tertarik untuk mencoba mengusahakan tanaman itu secara komersial. Dia kemudian pergi ke Taiwan untuk mengikuti kursus selama sebulan berkaitan penanaman buah naga yang juga dikenal dengan nama Cereus ini. Dengan modal awal RM100,000, Chan memulai penananam seluas 1.6 hektar di Lepar, Pekan dengan menggunakan benih stek yang diperolehi dari Taiwan.

Menurutnya, setahun berikutnya, semua tanaman mulai berbuah dan setahun kemudian dia berjaya memperoleh kembali modal awalnya. Kejayaan itu mendorong Chan membuka tiga buah ladang lagi, masing-masing seluas 1.6 hektar di Pulau Manis, juga di Pekan dan di Panching serta Kampung Batu.

Buah-buah naga itu dieksport ke Singapura dua kali sebulan dengan jumlah 3 ton setiap pengiriman, selain memasarkannya di sekitar kota dan Kuala Lumpur.

Chan dapat menghasilkan 10,000 buah bernilai kira-kira RM45,000 pada tahun kedua setelah penanaman. Dia yakin jumlah itu akan terus meningkat pada tahun-tahun berikutnya.

Ada dua jenis tanaman buah naga yang ditanam di ladangnya iaitu jenis isi berwarna putih dan isi berwarna merah yang ternyata paling sesuai dengan cuaca di Malaysia serta sangat diminati penggemarnya.

Menurut Chan buah naga isi merah adalah spesies yang paling sesuai dan bermutu untuk ditanam secara besar-besaran karena rasanya lebih manis dan berair serta harganya jauh lebih tinggi daripada spesies lain.

Buah naga isi merah beratnya mencapai 1 kg dengan harga pasaran sekitar RM10 hingga RM12 tiap kilogram, sedangkan harga buah naga isi putih yang rata-rata beratnya sekitar 500 gram dan harganya sekitar RM6 per kilogram.

Selain buahnya, buah naga juga menghasilkan bunga yang cantik yang hanya kembang pada waktu malam.Bunganya mampu bertahan selama seminggu tanpa disiram, di Kuala Lumpur banyak restaurant yang menyajikan sayur kelopak bunga Buah Naga.

Cerita masuknya buah naga ke Indonesia

Di Indonesia sendiri Buah Naga baru masuk sekitar tahun 2000 dan dibudidayakan untuk pertama kalinya oleh Joko Rainu Sigit, seorang warga Delangu, Klaten, Jawa Tengah.

Ia mendatangkan sekitar 250 benih tanaman ini dari Thailand. Selama 2 tahun.

“Saya melihat tanaman ini pertama di Israel, dan waktu itu ada teman dari Thailand pulang membawa bibitnya dan terus dikembangkan di negaranya sendiri sampai sekarang,” kata Djoko Raino Sigit yang juga sarjana biologi Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta (UNS).

Kemudian tahun 1997 Joko Raino Sigit datang ke Thailand dan melihat tanaman buah naga yang bibitnya pernah dibawa dari Israel itu bisa berkembang baik.

Mahasiswa asal Thailand yang kuliah di luar negeri biasanya setiap pulang diwajibkan membawa tanaman yang di negaranya tidak ada dan tanaman-tanaman yang ada itu juga sulit untuk bisa dibawa keluar.

“Untuk mendapatkan bibit buah naga dari Thailand ini juga perlu perjuangan yang panjang, tidak semudah di Indonesia bibit tanaman apa saja sepertinya dibiarkan saja dibawa orang keluar negeri,” ujarnya.

Dia baru berhasil mendapatkan bibit buah naga tersebut setelah melakukan kerjasama dengan teman yang ada di Kedutaan Indonesia di Bangkok.

“Waktu itu saya bisa membawa pulang satu koper bibit buah naga berbentuk stekan pohonnya dan setelah tiba dirumah terus dicoba ditanam dan dikembangkan sampai sekarang,” ujarnya.

Bibit yang dibawa pulang ke tanah air itu jenis buah naga daging putih seperti dikembangkan di Thailand dan Vietnam.

Buah naga daging putih kulitnya merah dan sangat kontras dengan daging putih yang ada di dalamnya. Di dalam daging itu bertebaran biji-biji hitam. Jenis ini banyak dijumpai di pasar lokal maupun mancanegara, bobot rata-ratanya 400-500 gram.

Buah jenis ini bercitarasa manis bercampur masam segar, mempunyai sisik atau jumbai kehijauan di sisi luar, serta kadar kemanisannya tergolong rendah dibandingkan buah naga jenis lain, yakni 10-13 briks.

Joko Raino Sigit pengusaha Buah Naga pertama di Indonesia

Sampai sekarang sudah tujuh tahun lebih, Joko Raino Sigit yang juga lulusan S2 teknik lingkungan UNS itu mengembangkan tanaman buah naga, dia mengaku dibantu istrinya, Ny Endang Susilowati, SPd.

Dalam usahanya yang tanpa kenal menyerah dan putus asa dari bibit berbentuk stek satu koper itu dalam jangka waktu tujuh tahun telah bisa dikembangkan menjadi kebun buah naga seluas 17 hektare di Desa Purwodadi, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur, dan ratusan tanaman buah naga di dekat rumah sebagai kebun percontohan di Delanggu, Klaten, Jawa Tengah.

Tiap pohon umur satu tahun minimal bisa menghasilkan buah tiga kilogram, sementara harga dijual di tempat Rp27 ribu/kilogram, dan kalau sudah sampai toko buah atau pasar swalayan antara Rp35 ribu sampai Rp40 ribu/kilogram.

Tanaman buah naga yang dikembangkan ini satu tahun bisa berbuah tiga kali, dan produksinya bisa terus meningkat, asalkan dirawat dengan baik dan tidak tercemar udara dari perusahaan. Lahan seluas satu hektar bisa ditanami 6.000 pohon, katanya.

Berawal dari budidaya tanaman buah naga, Joko Rainu Sigit kini menjadi peladang bisnis. Tidak hanya buahnya, tapi juga permintaan bibitnya melesat pesat. Tahun 2002 Joko mengaku investasi tanaman buah naga ini sudah mengalami titik impas atau break even point, 2 tahun setelah ditanam tahun 2000.

Cukup mengiurkan memang bisnis buah naga ini. Dalam tahun pertama, petani buah naga bisa memanen hasilnya. Rata-rata untuk 5 batang tamanan bisa menghasilkan 20 kilogram buah naga dan setiap kilogramnya dijual seharga 40 ribu rupiah pada tahun 2004.

Sesuai dengan hukum pasar, pasokan yang terbatas membuat harganya mahal. Satu kilogram rata-rata dijual Rp 40.000 dan isinya hanya dua buah.

Buah yang menyerupai alpukat tetapi bagian dalamnya berwarna merah dan kuning berbintik itu kalau dimakan enak, tak terlalu manis, dan segar sekali kalau dimasukkan ke lemari es lebih dulu.

Pada umumnya buah naga dikonsumsi dalam bentuk buah segar sebagai pelepas dahaga. Hal ini karena kandungan airnya yang sangat tinggi sekitar 90 an persen dari berat buah yang rata-rata mencapai 1/2 sampai 1 kilogram, rasanya cukup manis karena kadar gulanya mencapai 13-18 briks.

“Buah naga yang masuk ke Indonesia hampir setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan, akan tetapi buah naga lokal tetap diminati oleh pasar, selain itu prospek pasar ekspor pun dianggap cukup menggiurkan,” kata Djoko Raino Sigit,M.Si .

Buah naga yang sangat cocok ditanam di lahan kering, dan dalam sekali tanam usianya bisa bertahan sampai 20 tahun.

Ada sekitar 12 instansi pemerintah dari seluruh Indonesia telah meninjau kebun miliknya dan berminat mengembangkan komoditas itu.

Salah satu daerah di luar Jawa yang telah mengembangkan buah naga adalah Makassar. Mereka memperoleh bibit dari Djoko yang siap melayani. Di kebunnya tersedia sekitar 100 ribu bibit siap tanam.

Di Jateng yang telah melakukan penanaman dalam areal belum begitu luas adalah Dieng, Wonosobo,” tutur Djoko.

Banyak petani yang melirik

Hingga kini sudah cukup banyak petani yang melirik jenis tanaman buah ini, dan bahkan dari kalangan lembaga perguruan tinggi juga sudah banyak yang meminta dikirimi bibitnya untuk bahan penelitian.

Joko Raino Sigit mengatakan dari permintaan bibit yang telah dikirim itu kepada IPB dan saat ini sedang ditanam untuk dipelajari perlakuan buah naga ini.

Dia mengakui permintaan akan bibit itu cukup banyak, tetapi belum bisa dilayani semuanya, dan beberapa waktu lalu dari Malaysia juga minta satu kontiner untuk dikirim.

“Permintaan bibit satu kontiner dari Malaysia itu saya tolak, karena ini bukan cita-cita saya, memang saya juga butuh uang, tetapi saya akan lebih bangga kalau bisa menyejahterakan bangsa kita sendiri,” ujarnya.

Joko Raino Sigit yang mempunyai obsesi mengangkat derajat kaum petani itu meminta kepada pemerintah untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada tanaman-tanaman yang ada di Indonesia dan agar dicegah apabila dibawa keluar negeri.

Jepara Tertarik Kembangkan Buah Naga

Kabupaten Jepara berencana mengembangkan tanaman buah naga (dragon fruit). Karena sifat tanah daerah itu yang sebagian berpasir sangat cocok ditanami buah tersebut.

”Komoditas itu mempunyai prospek bagus dan pasarnya masih terbuka lebar,” ujar Kepala Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan Jepara Drs Totok Sutarto MM ketika meninjau kebun buah naga milik Djoko Raino Sigit di Desa Delanggu Baru, Kecamatan Delanggu, Klaten, baru-baru ini.

Menurut dia, 50% tanah di Jepara mengandung pasir sehingga memenuhi syarat ditanami buah naga. Salah satu wilayah yang diharapkan bisa untuk pengembangan tanaman itu adalah Pulau Karimunjawa. ”Tanah di sana (Karimunjawa-Red) sangat cocok ditanami buah naga,” jelasnya.

Sebelum ditanam pada areal yang luas, pihaknya akan membeli bibit dan kemudian ditanam di kebun percobaan. Setelah diketahui hasilnya bagus baru dikembangkan pada lahan yang luas. Di Pulau Karimunjawa tersedia areal yang sangat luas.

Bersama staf berjumlah sekitar 25 orang Totok meminta banyak penjelasan dari pemilik kebun, Djoko Raino Sigit yang telah mengembangkan komoditas itu sejak 1997.

Kulonprogo berhasil kembangkan buah naga.

Sekitar 2.520 bibit tanaman buah naga putih akan dikembangkan di lahan pasir oleh warga masyarakat transmigrasi Ring 1 di Desa Bugel Kecamatan Panjatan. Bibit tanaman buah naga tersebut merupakan bantuan dari Misi Teknis Pertanian Taiwan sebanyak 600 batang dan dari Pemkab Kulonprogo yang dianggarkan melalui APBD 2005 sebanyak 1.920 batang.

Sebanyak 600 batang bibit tanaman buah naga dari Misi Teknis Pertanian Taiwan sudah diserahkan kepada warga transmigran Ring 1. Bantuan yang diberikan hanya berupa bibit sehingga untuk pupuk dan pembuatan tajar diusahakan secara swadana oleh warga transmigran Ring 1 yang menerima bantuan.

Bantuan dari Taiwan itu sudah kami terima sebanyak 600 batang. Penyerahan bantuan tahap pertama diserahkan sebanyak 400 batang. Sebanyak 200 batang yang sempat hilang di pembibitan sebelum bantuan diserahkan kepada warga transmigran, sudah diganti oleh pihak pemberi bantuan bibit. Kata Rismono, Ketua RT 43 warga Transmigrasi Ring 1 di Desa Bugel,

Menurutnya, warga transmigrasi Ring 1 di Desa Bugel, Kecamatan Panjatan sebanyak 100 KK (kepala keluarga) yang dibagi menjadi lima RT. Setiap RT menerima bantuan bibit sebanyak 120 batang atau sebanyak 30 tajar. Untuk setiap tajar berisi 4 batang tanaman buah naga

Warga transmigrasi Ring 1, jelas Rismono, memang pernah menerima pelatihan budidaya tanaman buah naga dari Taiwan. Sebelum bibit bantuan tersebut ditanam di perkebunan milik warga, saat ini warga sedang mempersiapkan tajar yang terbuat dari beton. “Setiap KK mendapat 12 bibit tanaman buah naga atau tiga tajar. Untuk pengadaan tajar, dua tajar merupakan pinjaman dari Dinas Pertanian dan Kelautan Kulonprogo sedangkan yang satu tajar mencoba menggunakan tanaman hidup,” tambahnya.

Kasubdin Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (TPH) Dinas Pertanian dan Kelautan Kulonprogo (Diperta dan Laut) Kulonprogo Ir Agus Langgeng Basuki, dalam kesempatan terpisah menjelaskan, selain menerima bantuan bibit tanaman buah naga dari Taiwan sebanyak 600 batang, warga transmigran juga menerima bantuan bibit tanaman buah naga dari Pemkab Kulonprogo sebanyak 1.920 batang. Jenis bibit sama dengan bantuan bibit dari Taiwan.

Menurutnya, bantuan dari Pemkab Kulonprogo, selain bibit tanaman buah naga putih, juga bantuan biaya pembuatan tajar dari semen sebanyak 480 biji dan pupuk kandang 9.600 kg.

Gubernur DIY Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X menyambut baik sehubungan para petani saat ini telah mulai melakukan diversifikasi tanaman yang lebih menguntungkan dan meningkatkan pendapatannya demi kesejahteraan keluarga dan anak cucunya.

Pernyataan tersebut disampaikannya ketika meninjau Budidaya Tanaman Buah Naga yang berlokasi di Dusun Sanggrahan, Desa Banjarharjo, Kecamatan Kalibawang, Kulonprogo (Kamis, 24 Februari 2005) yang didamping wakil gubernur DIY Paku Alam IX,Asisten II Bidang Fasilitasi dan Investasi.DR.Ir.Sunyoto Dip.HE DEA, Bupati Kulonprogo Drs.toyo Santoso Dipo dan pejabat instansi terkait.

Menurut Kepala Dinas Pertanian dan Kelautan Kabupaten Kulonprogo.Ir.Djoko Yuwono Budidaya Buah Naga yang dirintis sejak Bulan Oktober 2003 yang semula hanya 15.480 batang Jenis Buah Naga warna putih hingga Februari 2005 ini telah panen 4 kali mencapai hasil 1226 kilogram/1,2 Ton. Adapun Buah Naga ini terdapat 3 macam Jenis Buah Naga warna Kuning,Buah naga Warna Merah, Buah naga Warna Putih. Buah Naga warna Kuning inilah yang nilai jualnya paling tinggi di Supermarket mencapai hingga harga Rp.50.000 /kg nya sedang yang warna merah mencapai harga Rp.45.000 dan warna putih mencapai Rp.30 .000,-

Sementara itu Kasubdin tanaman pangan dan Holtikultura Dinas Pertanian dan Kelauatan Kulonprogo Agus Langgeng Basuki yang juga sebagai penanggung jawab Uji coba tanaman Buah naga di Kalibawang menjelaskan bahwa awal mula bibit Buah Naga ini di peroleh dari Jawa Timur dan tanaman ini cocok dikembangkan didaerah 0 s/d 400 meter ketinggian dari permukaan laut. Untuk di daerah Kalibawang yang luasnya 3 hektar ini ditanam jenis Buah naga warna putih dan ternyata hasilnya sangat bagus. Adapun Investasi tahap I sebsar Rp.400 juta dan seterusnya tahun ke II pemeliharaan memerlukan beaya Rp 10 Juta.Dengan demikian lanjut Agus Langgeng ditargetkan pada tahun 2006 nanti akan mencapai BEP dan tahun 2007 akan memperoleh keuntungan bersih sampai dengan umur tanaman 20 tahun.

Sedangkan untuk pemasaran saat ini baru mampu mencukupi kebutuhan untuk Semarang,Surabaya dan Jakarta serta Jogja belum mampu eksport karena untuk konsumsi dalam negeri saja masih kekurangan stok. Mengingat hasilnya sangat menjanjikan Gubernur DIY Hamengkubuwono X berharap dan sangat gembira bahwa di kabupaten Kulonprogo khususnya di Kalibawang ini telah dikembangkan tanaman perkebunan komoditi yang baru selain buah Durian dan manggis dan bisa dikembangkan lagi pada tanaman buah yang lainnya.

Dengan demikian kedepan para petani khususnya dan masayarakat Kulonprogo pada umumnya pendapatannya akan meningkat sekaligus akan berdampak pada kesejahteraan keluarganya. Diakhir sambutannya pada dialog dengan petani Buah naga di Kulonprogo Gubernur DIY Hamengkubuwono X mengharapkan percontohan penanaman Buah Naga di Kalibawang ini setidaknya memberikan dampak positif bagi petani yang lainnya untuk mengembangkan tanaman yang lebih menguntungkan bagi para petani untuk ditanam ditegalan,sawah maupun halamannya atau melakukan pemilihan-pemilihan jenis tanaman agar pendapatan keluarga lebih meningkat.

Seusai meninjau Budidaya buah naga di kalibawang dalam kunjungan kerjanya di Kulonprogo Gubernur DIY hamengkubuwono X berkesempatan panen Jagung unggul Hibrida jenis P 11,P21 dan NK 22 dan NK 33 di Dusun Paingan,Pengsih Kulonprogo seluas 7 hektar milik kelompok Tani Bina mandiri diatas tanah pinjaman PPSJ Paingan Kulonprogo. Ketika dialog dengan Anggota Kelompok Tani Bina Mandiri Kulonprogo Gubernur DIY Sri Sultan hamengkubuwono X berpesan bahwa setelah para petani telah mampu meningkatkan produksi dan pendapatannya dengan jagung varitas unggul hibrida diharapkan para petani anggota Kelompok Tani harus mempunyai simpanan tabungan dikelompknya. Jangan setelah merasa panen pendapatannya berlebih/atau mempunyai keuntungan berlebih kemudian melakukan Mo Li Mo. Kalau hal tersebut dilakukan para petani akhirnya hanya percuma saja, pendapatan bertambah tidak akan ada manfaatnya bagi keluarganya kalau tetap melakukan Mo Li MO. Untuk itu hamengkubuwono X dengan tegas minta kepada para petani untuk tidak melakukan Mo li Mo yang kalau hal itu dilakukan hanya akan menyengsarakan keluarganya saja.

Dari kulonprogo.go.id diperoleh informamsi bahwa produksi Buah Naga Belum Capai Target. Hasil produksi buah naga di Kabupaten Kulonprogo, yang dikembangkan sejak tahun 2003, hingga kini belum mampu memenuhi target. Pada tahun 2004, produksi buah naga yang dikembangkan di Kecamatan Kalibawang, hanya mampu memberikan pemasukan bagi PAD sebesar Rp 3 juta dari target Rp 48 juta. Sedangkan tahun 2005, buah naga ditargetkan dapat menyumbang PAD sebesar Rp 186 juta. Kepala Dinas Pertanian dan Kelautan Kulonprogo, Ir H Djoko Yuwono didampingi Kasie Bina Usaha, Ir Widiastuti, Jumat (29/4) membenarkan hal itu. Ada beberapa hal yang menjadi penyebab tidak tercapainya target itu, salah satunya panen yang belum serempak sehingga belum optimal. Menurut Djoko, dari tanaman buah naga seluas 3 hektar yang ada baru sekitar 20 persen yang telah berproduksi. “Hingga saat ini sudah dilakukan 17 kali petik dengan total produksi 2.569,7 kg. Pada tahun 2004 dilakukan 5 kali petik dengan produksi 664,5 kg dan pada Januari 2005 hingga kini telah dilakukan 12 petik dengan produksi 1.905,2 kg,” terangnya. Dari hasil panen tahun 2004 senilai Rp 3 juta masuk pada Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) sedang Rp 3,29 juta digunakan untuk angsuran pinjaman ke PT Jala Sutra Nusantara (PT JSN). Jumlah pinjaman Pemkab ke PT JSN ini sekitar Rp 101 juta dan saat ini dalam taraf angsuran. Sedang hasil panen tahun 2005, sebagian disetor ke kas daerah yaitu Rp 4,5 juta dan sebagian untuk membayar angsuran ke PT JSN. Terkait dengan target pencapaian yang terlalu tinggi, Djoko menyatakan bahwa sesuai prediksi awal panenan akan serentak dipanen. Namun karena penanaman tidak serempak maka panenannya juga tidak bisa bersamaan sehingga hasilnya tidak maksimal. Diharapkan tahun 2005 ini semua dapat dipanen secara serempak. “Sebenarnya kami ingin melakukan penyemprotan pemicu buah, namun karena pihak PT JSN meminta agar dilakukan secara alamiah dengan pupuk organik (pupuk kandang), maka kami hanya bisa menuruti apa kemauan dari mitra kerja tersebut,” terangnya. Pemasaran buah naga selain kepada PT JSN, juga dilakukan dengan penjualan langsung ke pengelola kebun buah naga. Bila masyarakat yang ingin membeli buah naga bisa langsung ke kebun buah naga di Kalibawang.

Kasiat buah naga :

1. mujarab menurunkan kolesterol

2. Untuk penyeimbang kadar gula darah, pencegah kanker, pelindung kesehatan mulut

3. pencegah pendarahan, dan obat keluhan keputihan.

4. mencegah kanker usus, menguatkan fungsi ginjal dan tulang, menguatkan daya kerja otak, meningkatkan ketajaman mata, serta sebagai bahan kosmetik.

5. Mengobati sembelit, Mengobati Hypertensi, Memperhalus kulit wajah

Pada postingan berikutnya akan kita urai sedikit bagaimana penggunaan/aplikasi untuk mendapatkan manfaat buah Naga